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Table of contents
Chapter 9: Chemical Equilibrium
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- define chemical equilibrium in terms of a reversible reaction(Understanding);
- write both the forward and the reverse reaction and describe the macroscopic characteristics of each (Applying);
- define law of mass action.(Understanding);
- state the necessary condition for the equilibrium and the ways that equilibrium can be recognized.(Understanding) and
- write the equilibrium constant expression of a reaction.
Chapter 10: Acids, Bases and Salts
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- define and give examples of Arrhenius acids and bases. (Understanding);
- use the Bronsted-Lowry theory to classify substances as acids or bases, as proton donors or proton acceptors. (Applying);
- classify substances as Lewis acids or bases. (Analyzing);
- write the equation for the self-ionization of water. (Remembering);
- complete and balance a neutralization reaction. (Applying);
Chapter 11: Organic Chemistry
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- recognize structural, condensed and molecular formulae of the straight chain hydrocarbons up to ten carbon atoms. (Understanding);
- identify some general characteristics of organic compounds. (Remembering);
- explain the diversity and magnitude of organic compounds. (Understanding);
- list some sources of organic compounds (Applying);
- define functional group. (Remembering);
Chapter 12: Hydrocarbons
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- explain why a systematic method of naming chemical compounds is necessary. (Analyzing);
- charactrize a hydrocarbon. (Understanding);
- distinguish between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons. (Understanding);
- name of alkenes upto decane. (Remembering);
- write a chemical equation to show the preparation of alkenes from dehydration of alchols and dehydrohalogenation of alkyl halides. (Remembering);
Chapter 13: Biochemistry
After studying in this unit, you will be able to:
- distinguish between mono-, di-and trisaccharides. (Understanding);
- describe the bonding in a protein.
- explain the sources and uses of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids. (Understanding);
- differentiate between fats and oils. (Applying);
- describe the importance of nucleic acids. (Understanding) and
- define and explain vitamins and their importance. (Understanding).
Chapter 14: The Atmosphere
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- define atmosphere. (Remembering);
- explain composition of atmosphere. (Understanding);
- differentiate between stratosphere and troposphere. (Analyzing);
- describe major air pollutants. (Understanding);
- describe sources and effects of air pollutants. (Understanding);
- explain ozone formation. (Understanding);
- describe ozone depletion and its effects. (Understanding) and
- describe global warming. (Understanding).
Chapter 15: Water
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- describe the occurence of water and its importance in the environment including industry. (Analyzing);
- review our dependence on water and its important of maintaining its quality.
- describe the composition and properties of water. (Understanding);
- differentiate between soft, temporary and permanent hard water. (Analyzing);
- describe methods for eliminating temporary and permanent hardness of water. (Applying).
Chapter 16: Chemical Industries
After studying this chapter, you will be able to:
- describe some metallurgical operations. (Applying);
- make a list raw materials for Solvay process. (Applying);
- outline the basic reactions of Solvay process. (Analyzing);
- develop a flow sheet diagram of Solvay process. (Creating);
- develop a flow sheet diagram for the manufacture of urea. (Creating);
- list the uses of urea. (Remembering);
- define petroleum. (Remembering);
- describe the formation of petroleum and natural gas. (Understanding);
- describe the composition of petroleum. (Remembering) and
- describe briefly the fractional distillation of petroleum. (Applying).
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